Expect 2024 to be mildly better than 2023 with mortgage rates falling in the second half of the year, housing experts opined in their forecasts at the end of the year. Cuts to the Federal funds rate (and subsequently to mortgage rates) are imminent, traders enthused after December’s meeting of the Federal Open Market Committee in which committee members predicted three rate cuts in 2024. Some experts forecasted as many as six rate cuts in the year based on this news. Rate cuts are still coming, just not in March , traders and market experts reasoned more recently as the economy continued to run hot. And now on the heels of reports of stronger than expected jobs growth and stickier than anticipated inflation , the market’s shift from optimism to pessimism over rate cuts is complete. Some even expect rate hikes before rate cuts. The pessimism is visible in mortgage rates. Freddie Mac‘s weekly Primary Mortgage Market Survey is climbing back towards 7%. HousingWire’s Mortgage Rate Center , which relies on data from Polly, is already above 7.2%. Rates were as low as 6.91% for Polly and 6.64% for Freddie as recently as February. On Tuesday, they reached 7.50% on Mortgage News Daily, a high for this year. Mortgage rates hold major power in the housing industry; most importantly, high rates exacerbate the current affordability crisis by walloping the buying power of would-be buyers and discouraging some would-be sellers – those with low, fixed-rate mortgages – from listing their homes, a drain on available inventories. All this leaves housing professionals once again fighting for their share of shrinking pies – as we have observed with recently released mortgage data and RealTrends Verified’s brokerage data , as well as deeper dives on the brokerage landscapes in Jacksonville and San Diego . It is unsurprising, then, that real estate stocks have suffered since the FOMC’s March meeting and the recent job and inflation reports. That includes the nation’s top homebuilders (DR Horton and Lennar), mortgage originators (United Wholesale Mortgage and Rocket Mortgage), brokerages (Anywhere and Compass) and residential search portals (Zillow and CoStar, which owns Homes.com). There are other dynamics at play for some of these companies, however. The brokerages are also contending with the rule changes included in a proposed settlement by the National Association of Realtors; some investors also believe those rule changes advantage CoStar at the expense of Zillow . UWM, meanwhile, is contending with a scathing investigative report by a hedge-fund-affiliated news organization whose hedge fund shorted UWM and went long on Rocket; it is also dealing with pending litigation . UWM denies the allegations made in the report.  High mortgage rates, fewer mortgage applications and fewer home sales are unfortunately not the only effects housing professionals could see from a more prolonged high-rate environment. There are also spillover effects from other industries, especially office real estate. Regional banks – which traditionally have been major residential mortgage originators – went big on commercial real estate loans as larger banks scaled back in this area in recent years. That increased their exposure to downtown office towers, which have seen an exodus of tenants and a bottoming out of appraised values just as a record $2.2 trillion in commercial real estate debt comes due over the next few years. That ties up capital that could otherwise flow to residential mortgages and in some cases stresses banks like New York Community Bank, parent of Flagstar Bank — the 7th-largest bank originator of residential mortgages, 5th-largest sub-servicer of mortgage loans and the 2nd-largest mortgage warehouse lender in the country. Homebuilders, too, feel the effects of prolonged high rates. Although homebuilder confidence is still up significantly since last fall, new housing starts are slowing . The dim prospects for homebuyers have turned some investors to the nascent build-to-rent sector , essentially a bet that high rates are here to stay for long enough that would-be buyers are now would-be renters.

Experts from the University of Texas at Austin and the University of Georgia are weighing in on recent federal attention that senior caregivers have received after President Joe Biden highlighted these issues in his State of the Union address last month. The experts say that adequately serving seniors who prefer to age in place will be a “challenge for generations.” Jacqueline Angel, the Wilbur J. Cohen professor of health and social policy at UT’s LBJ School of Public Affairs; and Toni P. Miles, the pope scholar in residence at the Rosalynn Carter Institute for Caregivers and professor emerita at UGA, co-authored an article that was published in the Waco Tribune-Herald that attempts to address these challenges and the need for more attention and resources. “In high-income countries, a smaller number of families can assume [the caregiving] burden, and in the United States it is increasingly relegated to either the federal or state governments through Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid,” the pair wrote. “In the future, the government will be forced to play an even greater role in the care of dependent citizens. Individuals who are not fully independent will need the intervention and support of several formal and informal sources of support.” The pair pointed out that attention paid to these issues in one of the highest-profile political speeches of the year helps underscore the need for “high-quality, affordable community-based care services to support family caregivers.” Most people do not understand that the Medicare program does not cover long-term care, and the pair contends that many in need of it are not prepared for its high costs . “It provides only a short period of care after discharge from the hospital,” the article reads. “This is far short of what would be needed for an impaired elder to remain at home. The national average cost of a semi-private room in a long-stay home is $105,000 a year, according to a 2023 Genworth Cost of Care Survey .” Because care burdens often fall on family members — particularly for seniors who overwhelmingly prefer to age in place — the pair contends that a “multifaceted approach is necessary and must involve all levels of government, as well as private and charitable organizations.”  Reverse mortgage professionals and retirement advisers have contended that older Americans could help fulfill some of their long-term care needs by using the proceeds from a reverse mortgage. “[A couple I previously profiled] considered a Home Equity Conversion Mortgage (HECM), also called a reverse mortgage, which can provide: 1. Additional cash income to pay for things like LTC premiums or other costs, and 2. Additional liquidity later in life if you pay interest on your HECM,” retirement adviser wrote Jerry Golden in a column published by Kiplinger, a personal finance website. This option helped the couple discover that their retirements could go further than they originally thought. “You might […] find that your retirement plan can pay for more than it could just a few years ago,” Golden said, referencing the couple’s use of a HECM product.